The rate of energy transfer by an electromagnetic wave is described by the poynting vector, s, defined as the rate at which energy passes through a unit surface area perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation wm2. For this reason it is useful to characterize light radiation by. The wave theory of light, proposed by dutch physicist christian huygens in 1678, has stood the test of time and is today considered one of the backbones of optics. All chapter 10 wave optics exercises questions with solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and boost your score more in examinations. S3p211 summarize the evidence for the wave model of light. Free pdf download of ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 11 dual nature of radiation and matter solved by expert teachers as per ncert cbse textbook guidelines. A body which emits light in all directions is said to be the source of light. Since the incident light is ppolarized the reflected wave will not.
Ncert solutions class 12 physics chapter 10 wave optics. Photon quantum of energy outline light as waves light as particles. Under these conditions, the picture of interest reduces to that depicted below. How can it make sense to use the same word wave for all these disparate phenomena.
Phys 201 lecture 18 wave theory of light open yale. All chapter 11 dual nature of radiation and matter exercises questions with solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and boost your score more in examinations. The first theory of light was put forward by newton. According to wave theory of light, the light is a form of energy which travels through a medium in the form of transverse wave motion. Chapter maxwells equations and electromagnetic waves. Even more important, though only touched on in this book, is the wave phenomenon of quantum mechanics, built into the fabric of our space and time. Free pdf download of ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 10 wave optics solved by expert teachers as per ncert cbse textbook guidelines. Each physics laws has a different set of equations which can only be understood if a student solves numericals which contain reallife applications of that topic. When solving numerical problems in the quantum theory of light it is useful to note that the product of.
The problems are from chapter 2 the quantum theory of light of the course text modern physics by raymond a. However, it was a breakthrough that led physicists to discover more about the world of physics and to understand our own world better, starting from the tiny particles of matter that are its. Give a brief account of huygens wave theory of light. Ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 10 wave optics. Iit jee handwritten notes pdf for class 11 and class12 physics jee notes of alternating current. Cbse class 12 physics chapter 10 wave optics notes in pdf are available for free download in mycbseguide mobile app. Refraction and reflection of plane waves using huygens principle. Simple derivation of electromagnetic waves from maxwells.
Huygens put forward his wave theory according to which light energy propagated in the form of wave, with the help of wave theory he could successfully explain the phenomenon of reflection and refraction, interference and diffraction all. Physics notes for class 12 chapter 10 wave optics wave optics describes the connection between waves and rays of light. Ncert exemplar class 12 physics is very important resource for students preparing for xii board examination. Light emerging out of a convex lens when a point source is placed at its focus. Many of these processes require calculus and quantum theory to describe them. Light reflection and refraction jsunil tutorial cbse. Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour, according to the american psychological association. But we had learnt all waves have common characteristic properties such as.
Ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 10 in english medium free to download in pdf form for new session 20202021. Physics numericals for class 11 practising numericals helps learners to enhance their knowledge about the subject and increases their speed of understanding and solving problems. Often more than one wave must be added to the given incident wave to satisfy all boundary conditions. Xii physics wave theory of light numericals youtube. Besides the derivation and the theory, the numerical problems from various topics are asked in the exams. Wave optics class 12 notes physics mycbseguide cbse. Join the discussion forum to discuss your queries about nios board as well as cbse board. Youngs double slit experiment shows clearly that light is a wave. Light consists of very tiny, elastic, rigid particles known as corpuscular. At the end of the nineteenth century, james clerk maxwell combined electricity, magnetism and light into one theory. In 1678, dutch physicist, christiaan huygens, believed that light was made up of waves vibrating up and down perpendicular to the direction of the light travels, and ther. Here we have provided ncert exemplar problems solutions along with ncert exemplar problems class 12 question from very important topics are covered by ncert exemplar class 12.
This is illustrated by the wave model of light and the particle model of light, which together describe the waveparticle duality in which light is understood to possess both wave and particle functions. Topics covered include re ection and transmission at boundaries, dispersion, polarization e ects, di raction, coherence, ray optics and imaging, the propagation of light in matter, and the quantum nature of. The rules as they apply to us dont apply to the tiny particles that quantum theory deals with. Wave theory of light class 12 hsc maharashtra board. For more information about professor shankars book based on the lectures from this course, fundamentals of physics. The wave theory and the particle theory of light were long considered to be at odds with. The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015. Definition of light before going into the wave theory of light, lets learn about light itself. Study material 12th physics wave theory of light 1.
Psychology is a multifaceted discipline and includes many subfields of study such areas as human development, sports, health. Wave theory of light by huygens, fresnel, young, etc in geometric optics we learnt light is a stream of straightgoing particles newton proposed that first then we learnt light is a form of em wave. Wave theory definition of wave theory by merriamwebster. Inthe illustration the bottom wave has half the wavelength but twice the frequency of the one above it. Ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 11 dual. Quantum theory is simply a new way of looking at the world. Newtons corpuscular theory, wave theory of light, physics. Pdf insights into the foundations of quantum theory, including the waveparticle duality of light as developed in the last century, raise several. Other articles where wave theory of light is discussed.
The evidence for the description of light as waves was well established at the turn of the century when the photoelectric effect introduced firm evidence of a particle nature as well. Sir isaac newton, held the theory that light was made up of tiny particles. Light or visible light is electromagnetic radiation within the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be perceived by the human eye. This confusion about the true nature of light continued for some years till a modern quantum theory of light emerged in which light is neither a wave nor a particle the new theory reconciles. Ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 10 wave. The speed of light in a medium depends upon the nature of medium. These corpuscles on emission from the source of light travel in straight line with high velocity when these particles enter the eyes, they produce image of the object or sensation of vision. A ray of light travelling through air, falls on the surface of glass slab at an angle i. This theory treats light as a particle called corpuscle. Because light was an electromagnetic wave, light carried the same properties as the other electromagnetic waves. He argued that the known properties of light, such as. Physics numericals for class 11 complete solution with.
In 1678, dutch physicist christian huygens proposed a theory to explain the wave nature of light. You also get idea about the type of questions and method to answer in your class 12th examination. In order to observe the wave behavior of light, the slit size and separation should be comparable or smaller than the wavelength of light. We can say that light propagates as a wave and is emitted and absorbed as a particle.
According to maxwell, light was an electromagnetic wave. Visible light is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400700 nanometers nm, or 4. In physics, a quantum is the minimum unit of any physical entity involved in an interaction. Waveparticle duality publicized early in the debate about whether light was composed of particles or waves, a waveparticle dual nature soon was found to be characteristic of electrons as well. Class 12 important questions for physics wave optics. As we will see, the wave model could satisfactorily explain the phenomena of r eflection and r efraction. The founder of physiological optics and father of the wave theory of light, he was also the first person to decipher a number of egyptian hieroglyphics.
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